Nestled in the beautiful region of Provence, Avignon, also known as the “City of Popes,” is a place teeming with historical significance and captivating beauty. One of the pivotal historical events connected to Avignon is the “Avignon captivity,” spanning from 1375 to 1378, when the Pope and the Curia moved their residence here. Although the official reason cited was the poor air quality in Rome, it is said that French King Philip the Fair pressured Pope Clement V to relocate to Avignon, followed by seven successive popes. As the papal court settled in, the city became a hub for prominent artists of the time who contributed to its architectural splendor, including the construction of the majestic Palace of the Popes.

This palace, the largest Gothic building in the world and recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, allows visitors to explore 25 principal rooms. These include chapels, a cloister, and private papal rooms adorned with stunning frescoes, all despite the challenges the building faced after the French Revolution.

Another key attraction is the Petit Palais museum, which houses an impressive collection of Italian religious paintings from the 13th to the 16th centuries. Avignon is also renowned for the St-Benezet Bridge, one of France’s most romantic spots. Originally constructed in 1180 and stretching 900 meters across the Rhone, the bridge was partially destroyed by a flood, leaving only 4 of its original 22 arches.

The city’s historic center is encircled by medieval walls, adding to its charm. Within the imposing Romanesque cathedral, Notre Dame des Doms, built in the 12th century, visitors can find scrolls by anti-pope Benedict XIII from 1403, a golden statue of the Virgin Mary, an exquisite 1800 Italian organ, and the mausoleum of Pope John XXII, which is a Gothic masterpiece.

Even after the papal return to Rome, Avignon continued to flourish as a vibrant cultural center. Today, the city hosts numerous events, the most notable being the Festival d’Avignon. Held during the last three weeks of July, this festival attracts theater, dance, and art enthusiasts from all over Europe.